Concepts/Definition
ADPS Agent Systems · Engineering Concept
Probabilistic Core, Deterministic Shell
Models handle open judgement; deterministic mechanisms protect production boundaries.
Application context: a model may infer intent, but a transfer cannot be approximately correct
A user describes a complex payment in natural language. A model is useful for extracting the goal, finding missing information, and proposing steps. Payee identity, amount precision, account state, delegated limit, and idempotent commit require repeatable decisions and reviewable evidence.
Definition
The probabilistic core handles open-ended interpretation, planning, and candidate generation. The deterministic shell handles identity, state, authority, constraints, tests, commit, and external receipts. The core proposes an action; the shell decides whether it qualifies for execution and verifies whether the external world changed.
Engineering mechanism
natural-language goal
→ model produces a structured Intent
→ schema / policy / state / authority checks
→ controlled tool call
→ receipt and after-read
→ trace and later evaluation
The shell does not require a fully hard-coded flow. A model may still choose candidate tools and steps dynamically, but only from versioned capabilities and under repeatable pre- and post-conditions.
Boundary
Low-risk content work can use a thinner shell. Tasks that affect money, data, authority, production configuration, or user rights need a thicker one. Deterministic mechanisms can also fail, so policies, schemas, and validators require their own versions, tests, and observations.
Proposal and provenance
- Initial source within ADPS
- Engineering observation: Dong Zhang; shell formulation: Jia Huang
- First recorded in
- First Collaboration workshop, 25 August 2026
- ADPS editorial work
- ADPS connected open model judgement to deterministic controls over identity, state, authority, tests, and external receipts.
- Current standing
- Cross-module architecture concept
Definition source: ADPS White Paper workshops and pattern development.
Chronicle
- Recorded source
- ADPS White Paper workshops and pattern development.
- First published on ADPS